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Bienfang's test : ウィキペディア英語版
Bienfang's test

Bienfang's test is a clinical test used in the diagnosis of ocular myasthenia gravis. It is used in conjunction with other examination techniques such as Cogan’s lid twitch test or enhancement of blepharoptosis from prolonged upward gaze. It is a simple, quick, and non-invasive test for ocular myasthenia gravis that can be performed not only by ophthalmologists or neurologists, but also by other physicians evaluating patients with ptosis, diplopia, or other symptoms of myasthenia gravis.
==Background==
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease involving the neuromuscular junction leading to skeletal muscle weakness and fatigability. In ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG), the symptoms are confined to the extraocular and eyelid muscles. Patients most commonly experience ptosis caused by fatigue of levator palpebrae superioris and/or diplopia due to weakness of extraocular muscles. These symptoms are generally characterized by diurnal fluctuation, worsening with increased use of the eyes and improving with rest. Bienfang’s test is indicated for patients who are suspected of having OMG. The test was first described by Don Bienfang, a neuro-ophthalmologist at Harvard Medical School.

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